اثرات سطوح مختلف انرژی و پروتئین بر عملکرد رشد، قابلیت هضم، فراسنجه‌های خونی و باروری خرگوش های ماده سفید چشم قرمز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تغذیه دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه ژنتیک، اصلاح و فیزیولوژی دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به ­منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف انرژی و پروتئین بر عملکردرشد، قابلیت ­هضم، فراسنجه‌های خونی و باروری، 3 سر خرگوش نر و 18 سر خرگوش ماده انتخاب شدند. خرگوش ­های ماده به ­مدت دو هفته در سه گروه به صورت انفرادی قرار گرفته و از جیره تیمارها حاوی 1- انرژی پایین (2200 کیلوکالری)-پروتئین پایین(14%) 2- انرژی متوسط (2400 کیلوکالری)-پروتئین متوسط (16%) و 3- انرژی بالا (2600 کیلوکالری)-پروتئین بالا (18%) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی استفاده کردند. وزن ­کشی خرگوش ­های ماده در ابتدای دوره و هر 15 روز یک بار برای ارزیابی عملکرد شامل افزایش وزن روزانه، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل غذایی انجام شد. برای اندازه گیری قابلیت­  هضم ماده ­خشک، نمونه ­برداری از مدفوع در 3 روز آخر آزمایش از 3 خرگوش در هر تیمار از روش خاکستر نامحلول در اسید استفاده شد. نمونه گیری از خون قبل از تغذیه صبح به منظور اندازه گیری تری گلیسرید، نیتروژن اوره ای و گلوکز انجام شد. بعداز این دوره یک خرگوش نر را جهت جفت­گیری داخل گروه قرار داده و روز بعد جای آن با خرگوش نر دیگر تعویض شد. مدت جفت­گیری شش روز طول کشید. فاکتورهای تولیدمثلی شامل درصد زایش، بچه ­زایی  و چندقلوزایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد اختلاف معنی ­داری بین وزن اولیه، وزن نهایی، افزایش وزن روزانه و مصرف خوراک روزانه، ضریب تبدیل خوراک و قابلیت ­هضم ماده­ خشک وجود نداشت. اختلاف معنی ­داری بین تیمارها در گلوکز خون (128/55 میلی گرم در دسی لیتر) مشاهده شد (0/05>P). بیش ترین درصد زایش (100 درصد) خرگوش‌ها درتیمار پروتئین - انرژی متوسط (0/05>P) و بیش ترین بچه‌زایی در پروتئین -انرژی کم  و بیش ترین مقدار مدت زمان بارداری و وزن نوزادان در پروتئین- انرژی بالا مشاهده ‌شد. به طورکلی تیمار انرژی متوسط و پروتئین متوسط برای خرگوش ­های ماده آماده جفت­گیری توصیه می ­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different levels of energy and protein on performance, digestibility, blood parameters and fertility in rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khalaf Alrajab 1
  • Taghi Ghoorchi 1
  • Abdalhakym Toghdory 1
  • Rouhallah Mastany 2
1 Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Genetics, Breeding and Physiology of Animal and Poultry, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of different levels of energy and protein on performance, digestibility, blood parameters and fertility of 18 females and three male rabbits were selected. Female rabbits were divided into three groups individually for two weeks and from the diet of treatments containing 1- low energy (2200 kcal) -low protein (14%) 2- medium energy (2400 kcal) -medium protein (16%) and 3- High energy (2600 kcal) -high protein (18%) was used in a completely randomized design. Female rabbits were weighed at the beginning of the period. The evaluation of performance, including daily weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were measured in every 15 days. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, fecal sampling in the last 3 days of the experiment from 3 rabbits in each treatment measured using acid-insoluble ash method. Blood samples were taken before morning feeding to determine the blood parameters including triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen and blood glucose. After this period, a male rabbit was placed in the group for mating and the next day it was replaced with another. The mating period was six days. Reproductive factors including fertility, offspring and multiple births were examined. Results showed that there was no significant difference between initial weight, final weight, daily weight gain and daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and dry matter digestibility. Blood glucose (125 mg/dl) had significant difference between treatments. The medium protein - energy treatment had the highest percentage (100%) of fertility. The offspring in low protein - energy showed the highest percentage. The longest gestation period and the most neonatal weight were observed in high protein -energy. In overall, moderate energy and moderate protein treatments are recommended for female rabbits ready for mating.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Protein
  • Energy
  • Digestibility
  • Blood parameters
  • Fertility
  • Rabbit

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 13، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 21-26

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