تعیین نرخ مرگ و میر، تغییرات رفتاری و آسیب شناسی ماهی کلمه خزری (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) در مواجهه با سولفات روی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

چکیده

 تحقیق حاضر به ­منظور تعیین نرخ مرگ و میر، تغییرات رفتاری و آسیب­ شناسی ماهی کلمه­ خزری (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) در مواجهه با سولفات­ روی در آزمایش مسمومیت 96 ساعته صورت گرفت. 200 قطعه بچه ماهی کلمه ­خزری با وزن متوسط 0/27±2/5 گرم جهت  انجام آزمایشات استفاده شد. برای تعیین تغییرات رفتاری و آسیب­ شناسی، 13 قطعه بچه­ ماهی کلمه در معرض غلظت ­هایی از فلز روی (0 ،10 ،30 ،50 ،70 ،80 ،90 میلی­ گرم در لیتر) قرار گرفتند. یک گروه به ­عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. از نمک سولفات­ روی به ­منظور منبع فلز روی استفاده شد. تانک ­های آزمایشی در مدت 24 ساعت هوادهی شدند تا میزان اکسِژن ­محلول درحد اشباع باقی بماند. درجه ­حرارت، پی ­اچ و اکسیژن­ محلول در طول آزمایش به وسیله دستگاه  چندپارامتره هک مدل 2000 اندازه­ گیری شدند. نمونه­  هایی از بافت آبشش، کلیه و کبد جمع ­آوری و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. مرگ و میر کامل در غلظت 90 میلی­ گرم در لیتر به ­دست آمد. مشاهدات ظاهری بچه ماهیان در مواجهه با روی شامل شنای عمودی و به سمت پایین، از دست دادن حالت تعادل، تشنجات عصبی و ماندن در ته تشت بود. در نهایت ماهیان با دهان و سرپوش باز مردند. در آبشش، متراکم شدن رگ ها، به هم جوش­ خوردگی لاملاهای ثانویه و هایپرتروفی سلول های­ پوششی دیده شد. در کلیه، تخریب مجاری­ کلیوی و کپسول­ بومن، گشادی مویرگ­ های گلومرول دیده شد. نتایج نشان داد که عمده تغییرات کبد به ­صورت تخریب سلول های کبدی و واکوئل­ های سیتوپلاسمی مشاهده شد. آزمایش نشان داد، روی سبب بروز علایم بالینی در آبشش، کلیه و کبد ماهی کلمه خزری شد. به هر حال آزمایش نشان داد که حضور روی در آب می     ­تواند سبب افزایش میزان مرگ و میر ماهیان در مواجهه با فلز روی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of mortality rate, behavioral and histopathological changes in of roach, Rutilus rutilus caspicus exposed to Zinc sulfate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamad Farhangi
  • Hossein Adineh
  • Ziya Kordjazi
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study aimed to determine behavioral and histopathological changes of Zinc in Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) in acute toxicity tests for 96 h. The experiments were done by 200 Rutilus sp. fish with avrage weight 2.5±0.27g.To determinate behavioral and histopathological changes, 13 fish were distributed in groups of 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 80 and 90 mg/l of Zinc. A group of fish was considered as control. Sulphate zinc salt was used as source of zinc. Thanks were aerated for 24 hours, so dissolved oxygen was maintained at range saturation by aeration. Test temperature, pH  value and dissolved oxygen were measured using portable multiparameter meter Hack (Model 2000).  Kidneys, livers, and gills were collected for evaluation. There was total mortality of 90 mg/l. Observations of behavioral response of  fish fingerlings expoused to zinc were such as vertical and downward swimming patterns, loss of equilibrium, convulsion, and spending more time at the bottom. Following this, the fish died with their mouth and operculum open. Gills presented vascular congestion, complete fusion of secondary lamellae, and epithelial cell hypertrophy. In the kidneys, changes such as Bowman’s capsule clearance, tubular degeneration, and glomerular capillary dilatation were common. Liver samples showed cytoplasmic vacuolization and cellular degeneration. Zinc induces a clinical condition of liver, gill and kidney damage in Roach. The results revealed, the use of Zinc in water can be harmful to increase fish mortality rate acute exposure to Zinc.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Zinc
  • Mortality
  • Histopathology
  • Rutilus rutilus caspicus

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 1
شماره بهار
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 267-276

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