تأثیر استفاده از برگ بِه در جیره غذایی بر عملکرد رشد و فراسنجه‌های خونی در جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت شرایط تنش گرمایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی مشگین شهر، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.367728.2900

چکیده

از جمله عوامل محیطی که سبب کاهش تولیدات طیور می‌گردد، تنش گرمایی است. برگ درخت بِه یک پسماند کشاورزی است که منبع مناسبی از ترکیبات فلاونوئیدی و آنتی اکسیدان است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر افزودن برگ بِه در جیره غذایی بر مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و فراسنجه‌های خونی در جوجه‌های گوشتی در شرایط تنش گرمایی است. این پژوهش با استفاده از 160 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس 308 با چهار تیمار در چهار تکرار و هر تکرار شامل 10 قطعه پرنده به مدت 42 روز در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. پودر برگ بِه در چهار سطح صفر (شاهد)، 1/5، 3 و 4/5 درصد به جیره‌ها افزوده شد. به منظور برقراری تنش گرمایی دمای سالن به مدت 8 ساعت در اواسط روز به 33 درجه سانتی گراد افزایش یافت. هر هفته مصرف خوراک اندازه‌گیری شده و جوجه‌ها توزین شدند. در هفته دوم پرورش افزایش معنی‌داری (0/006=P) در مصرف خوراک با افزایش سطح برگ بِه اضافه شده به جیره‌های غذایی به طور خطی مشاهده شد به‌طوری‌که بیش ترین میزان مصرف در تیمار حاوی 4/5 درصد برگ بِه بود. در هفته سوم بیش ترین افزایش وزن در تیمار با 1/5 درصد برگ بِه مشاهده شد. در هفته چهارم و پنجم مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل غذایی تفاوت معنی‌داری در بین تیمارها نداشت. در هفته ششم مصرف خوراک با افزایش سطح برگ بِه افزوده شده به جیره‌های غذایی به طور خطی کاهش معنی‌داری (0/024=P) را نشان داد اما ضریب تبدیل غذایی به طور خطی بهبود معنی‌داری (0/017=P) را نشان داد. در کل دوره پرورش تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی مشاهده نشد هرچند با افزایش سطح برگ بِه افزوده شده به جیره‌های غذایی به طور خطی بهبود نسبی در ضریب تبدیل غذایی دیده شد به طوری که این ضریب از 2/68 در تیمار شاهد به 2/44 در تیمار با 4/5 درصد برگ به کاهش یافت. استفاده از برگ بِه در جیره‌های غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی به ویژه در اوایل رشد می‌تواند سبب افزایش مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی شود هر چند که در کل دوره پرورش تفاوت قابل توجهی از نظر عملکرد مشاهده نشد اما بهبود نسبی در ضریب تبدیل غذایی مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of using quince leaf (Cydonia oblonga) in ration on growth performance and blood parameters in broiler chickens under heat stress condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Zarbi 1
  • Ali Mojtahedin 1
  • Taher Yalchi 1
  • Shahin Hajigahramani 2
1 Department of Animal Science, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Animal Science, Meshginshahr College of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the environmental factors that lead to the reduction of poultry production is heat stress. Quince leaves are an agricultural waste that is a good source of flavonoid compounds and antioxidants. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of adding quince leaf in the diet on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and blood parameters in broilers under heat stress conditions. This research was conducted using 160 broilers of Ross 308 strain with four treatments in four replications and each replication including 10 birds for 42 days in a completely randomized design. Quince leaf powder was added to the rations at four levels of zero (control), 1.5, 3 and 4.5%. In order to establish heat stress, the temperature of the hall was increased to 33 °C for 8 hours in the middle of the. Every week, the feed intake was measured and the chickens were weighed. In the second week of rearing, a significant increase (P=0.006) in feed intake was observed linearly with the increase in the level of quince leaf added to the feed rations, so that the highest amount of intake was in the treatment containing 4.5% quince leaf. In the third week, the highest weight gain was observed in the treatment with 1.5% quince leaf. In the fourth and fifth weeks, feed intake and feed conversion ratio did not differ significantly between treatments. In the sixth week, feed intake showed a significant decrease linearly (P=0.024) with the increase in the level of quince leaf added to the feed rations, but the feed conversion ratio linearly showed a significant improvement (P=0.017). In the entire rearing period, no significant difference was observed in terms of feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio, although with the increase in the amount of quince leaf added to the feed rations, a relative improvement was seen in the feed conversion ratio, so that this ratio of 2.68 in the control treatment decreased to 2.44 in the treatment with 4.5% leaves. The use of quince leaf in the diets of broiler chickens under heat stress, especially in the early stages of growth, can increase feed intake, weight gain and improve feed conversion ratio, although no significant difference in terms of performance was observed in the entire rearing period, but a relative improvement was observed in the feed conversion ratio.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Weight gain
  • Quince tree leaves
  • Heat stress
  • Broiler
  • Feed conversion ratio
  • Glucose

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 3
آبان 1402
صفحه 129-136

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