تاثیر جایگزینی پودر بقایای کشتارگاه طیور با کنجاله سویا بر عملکرد، گوارش‌پذیری مواد مغذی، نیتروژن دفعی و رفتار نشخوار درگاو شیرده هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تغذیه دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه صنایع غذایی و تبدیلی، پژوهشکده فناوری های شیمیایی، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.306732.2647

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر جایگزینی پودر بقایای کشتارگاه طیور با کنجاله سویا بر عملکرد، مصرف خوراک، گوارش‌پذیری مواد مغذی، نیتروژن دفعی و رفتار تغذیه در گاو شیرده از 32 رأس گاو هلشتاین 2 شکم زایش با میانگین تولید شیر 3/7±33 کیلوگرم استفاده شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تیمار و هشت تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل: تیمار شاهد (جیره بدون جایگزینی)، تیمار دوم (جیره حاوی 33 درصد جایگزینی)، تیمار سوم (جیره حاوی 67 درصد جایگزینی) و تیمار چهارم (جیره حاوی 100 درصد جایگزینی پودر بقایای کشتارگاه طیور با کنجاله سویا) بودند. سطح پروتئین خام در همه تیمارها یکسان (16/2 درصد ماده خشک) و حداکثر سطح مصرف پودر بقایای کشتارگاه طیور در جیره 10 درصد ماده خشک بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد، در بین تیمارهای آزمایشی اختلاف معنی داری در ماده خشک مصرفی، درصد مصرف ماده خشک نسبت به وزن بدن و نمره بدنی، میزان شیر تولیدی روزانه، بازده تولید شیر، شیر تصحیح شده بر اساس چربی شیر، تعداد و امتیاز سلول‌های سوماتیک و pH شیر مشاهده نشد. اما دانسیته، هدایت الکتریکی و نقطه انجماد شیر با افزایش سطح مصرف پودر بقایای کشتارگاه طیور به جای کنجاله سویا افزایش یافت (0/05>P). گوارش‌پذیری مواد مغذی، رفتار تغذیه و درصد و گرم در لیتر نیتروژن دفعی وpH مدفوع و ادرار نیز تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، می‌توان پودر بقایای کشتارگاهی طیور را به عنوان یک منبع پروتئین حیوانی تا سطح 10 درصد ماده خشک جیره به طور کامل جایگزین کنجاله سویا نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of replacing soy bean meal with poultry byproduct meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreted nitrogen and feeding behavior in Holstein lactating cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Asadi 1
  • Mahdi Shavandi 2
1 Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Food and Processing Industries, Chemical Technologies Research Institute, Scientific and Industrial Research Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of soybean meal replacement with poultry byproduct meal on milk yield, nutrient digestibility, feeding behavior and excreted nitrogen in lactating cows 32 cows with 2 calving with average milk production of 33 ± 3.7 kg were used. This experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replications. Treatments included: control treatment (diet without poultry byproduct meal), second treatment (diet containing 33% substitution), third treatment (diet containing 67% substitution) and fourth treatment (diet containing 100% poultry byproduct meal replacement diet instead of soybean meal). The results of this experiment showed that, among the experimental treatments, there was a significant difference in dry matter intake, percentage of dry matter consumption in relation to body weight and body score, daily milk production, milk production efficiency, corrected milk based on milk fat, number and somatic cell score and milk pH were observed. But density, electrical conductivity and freezing point of milk were affected by experimental treatments. With increasing levels of poultry byproduct meal replacement with soybean meal, the percentage of these cases also increased (P<0.05). Nutrient digestibility, nutritional behavior and percentage and grams per liter of fecal nitrogen and fecal pH and urine were not affected by experimental treatments. According to the obtained results, soybean meal can be completely replaced by poultry byproduct meal, which is a source of animal protein, up to 10% of dietary dry matter.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Poultry byproduct meal
  • Soybean Meal
  • Milk Yield
  • Excreted nitrogen
  • Digestibility

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 4
بهمن 1401
صفحه 55-64

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