اثرات استفاده از مکمل های آنزیمی در جیره های بر پایه دانه کینوا بر فراسنجه های خونی، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، سیستم ایمنی و خصوصیات درشت نی در جوجه های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد قائمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران

10.22034/aej.2021.314059.2682

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر افزودن آنزیم های فیتاز و پروتئاز در جیره های حاوی دانه کینوا بر فراسنجه های خونی، قابلیت هضم و ویژگی های درشت نی جوجه های گوشتی بود. در این آزمایش از تعداد 250 قطعه جوجه یک‌روزه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تیمار و 5 تکرار (10 قطعه در هر تکرار) استفاده شد. جیره های آزمایشی شامل جیره شاهد( شامل ذرت و کنجاله سویا )، جیره شاهد مکمل شده با 15درصد دانه کینوا به تنهایی یا مکمل شده با آنزیم فیتاز، پروتئاز و ترکیب پروتئاز +فیتاز بودند.نتایج به دست آمده نشان دهنده کاهش غلظت کلسترول، تری‌گلیسرید وفعالیت ASTدر جوجه های تغذیه شده با جیره های حاوی کینوا مکمل شده با آنزیم های فیتاز و پروتئاز نسبت به تیمار شاهد بود (0/05>p). طول دئودنوم و ژژنوم در جوجه های گوشتی تغذیه شده با همه جیره های آزمایشی در مقایسه با جیره شاهد افزایش نشان داد (0/05>p). قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی پروتئین خام، کلسیم و فسفر در جیره های حاوی فیتاز یا فیتاز + پروتئاز بیش تر از سایر تیمارها بود (0/05>p). در ویژگی های درشت نی، بالاترین غلظت کلسیم و فسفر در جیره های حاوی فیتاز یا فیتاز + پروتئاز مشاهده گردید (0/05>p). وزن بورس و طحال به عنوان اندام ایمنی در جوجه‌های گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره‌های حاوی پروتئاز یا فیتاز افزایش یافت (0/05>p). با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق ، افزودن آنزیم فیتاز یا پروتئاز به جیره حاوی دانه کینوا می تواند در بهبود قابلیت هضم ، ایمنی و برخی ویژگی های درشت نی در جوجه گوشتی موثرباشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of quinoaseed-based diets in combination with enzyme supplements on the serum biochemical parameters, nutrient digestibility, tibia characteristics and immunity of broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Yusef Asnaashari Amiri
  • Mohammad Ali Jafari
  • Mehrdad Irani
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Qaimshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaimshahr, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to examine the influenceof quinoa seed-based diets in combination with phytase and protease enzymes on the serum biochemical parameters, nutrient digestibility, intestinal variables, tibia characteristics and immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 250 one-day-old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were randomly allocated into 5 treatments with 5 replicate pens per treatment and 10 birds each. The experimental treatments were a corn-soybean meal diet as control group or control diet supplemented with 150 g/kg of quinoa seed alone olone or supplemented with protease, phytase and combination of protease and phytase. The results indicated a significant decrease in serum concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides and AST activity of broilers fed quinoa seed supplemented with protease and phytase than the control group (P<0.05).Jejunum and ileum length enhanced in broiler chickens which received all experimental diets compared with control (P<0.05).Nutrient digestibility coefficients of crude protein calcium and phosphorous were significantly greater in broilers fed on diets supplemented with phytase or phytase +protease (P<0.05).In tibia variables, the highest concentration of calcium and phosphorous was observed in phytase or phytase+protease supplemented diets (P<0.05).the relative weight of bursa and spleen as immunity organs was increased in broilers fed protease or phytase supplemented diets (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of phytase or protease enzymes to quinoa seed-based diet may be a suitable scenario to improve nutrient digestibility, immunity or some tibia characteristics in broiler chickens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Quinoa seed
  • Immunity
  • Digestibility
  • Serum
  • Broilers

مراجع

  1. Nokandi, A., Hosseini-Vashan, S.J., Ghiasi, S.E. and Naeimipour-Yonesi, H., 2021. Growth performance, blood indices, immune response, nutrient digestibility and‎ intestinal morphology of broiler chickens fed processed quinoa seed (Chenopodium quinoa Willd).‎ J. Anim. Sci. 51: 285-297.
  2. FAO. 2011. Quinoa: An ancient crop to contribute to world foodsecurity. Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean. 63 p.
  3. Outi, E.M., Emanuele, Z. and Elke, K.A., 2015. Modifying the cold gelation properties of quinoa protein isolate: influence of heat-denaturation pH in the alkaline rang. Plant Foods Human Nutrition. 70: 250-256.
  4. Ruales, J. and Nair, B.M., 1993. Content of fat, vitamins and minerals in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) seeds. Food Chemistry. 48: 131-136.
  5. Rezaeipour, V., Barsalani, A. and Abdullahpour, R., 2016. Effects of phytase supplementation on growth performance, jejunum morphology, liver health, and serum metabolites of Japanese quail fed sesame (Sesamum indicum) meal- based diets containing graded levels of protein, Trop. Anim. Heaith. Prod. 48: 1141-1146. Doi: 10,1007/s11250-016- 1066-x.
  6. Selle, P.H., Cowieson, A.J. and Ravindran, V., 2009. Consequences of calcium interactions with phytate and phytase for poultry and pigs. Livestock Science. 124: 126-141.
  7. Oboh, G. and Elusiyan, C., 2007. Changes in the nutrient and anti-nutrient content of micro-fungi fermented cassava flour produced from low-and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers. African Journal of Biotechnology. 6 p.
  8. Pacheco, W., Stark, C., Ferket, P. and Brake, J., 2014. Effects of trypsin inhibitor and particle size of expeller-extracted soybean meal on broiler live performance and weight of gizzard and pancreas. Poultry Science. 93: 2245-2252.
  9. Aviagen, T., 2014. Ross 308 Broiler Nutrition Specifications. Aviagen Group, Huntsville.
  10. Lázaro, R., Garcia, M., Medel, P. and Mateos, G., 2003. Influence of enzymes on performance and digestive parameters of broilers fed rye-based diets. Poultry science. 82: 132-140.
  11. Salavati, M.E., Rezaeipour, V., Abdullahpour, R. and Musavi, S.N., 2021. Biozactive Peptides from SesameMeal for Broiler Chickens; Its Influence on the Serum Biochemical Metabolit, Immunity Responses ans Nutrient Digestibility. Int. j. Pep. Res. Ther. 27: 1297-1303
  12. Kocabagli, N., 2001. The effect of dietary phytase supplementation at different levels on tibial bone characteristics and strength in broilers. Turkish Journal Veterinary Animal Science. 25: 97-802.
  13. Wegmann, T.G. and Smithies, O., 1966. A simple hemagglutination system requiring small amounts of red cells and antibodies. Transfusion. 6: 67-73.
  14. SAS. 1999. SAS Statistics User’s Guide. Statistical Analytical System, fifth revised ed. SAS Institute Inc, Carry, NC.
  15. Paśko, P., Sajewicz, M., Gorinstein, S. and Zachwieja, Z., 2008. Analysis of selected phenolic acids and flavonoids in Amaranthus cruentus and Chenopodium quinoa seeds and sprouts by HPLC. Acta chromatographica. 20: 661-672.
  16. Liu, S.Y., Cadogan, D.J., Peron, A., Truong, H.H. and Selle, P.H., 2014. Effects of phytase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilisation and digestive dynamics of starch and protein in broiler chickens offered maize, sorghum- and wheat-based diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 197: 164-175.
  17. Corduk, M., Ceylan, N. and Ildiz, F., 2007. Effect of dietary energy density and L-carnitine supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits and blood parameters of broiler chickens. South african journal of animal science. 37: 65-73.
  18. Ghosh, A., Mandal, G., Roy, A. and Patra, A., 2016. Effects of supplementation of manganese with or without phytase on growth performance, carcass traits, muscle and tibia composition, and immunity in broiler chickens. Livestock Science. 191: 80-85.
  19. Roofchaei, A., Rezaeipour, V., Vatandour, S. and Zaefarian, F., 2019. Influence of dietary carbohydrases, individually or in combination with phytase or an acidifier, on performance, gut morphology and microbial population in broiler chickens fed a wheat-based diet. Animal Nutrition. 5: 63-67.
  20. Borda-Molina, D., Zuber, T., Siegert, W., Camarinha-Silva, A., Feuerstein, D. and Rodehutscord, M., 2019. Effects of protease and phytase supplements on small intestinal microbiota and amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry science. 98: 2906-2918.
  21. Cowieson, A., Bedford, M., Selle, P. and Ravindran, V., 2009. Phytate and microbial phytase: implications for endogenous nitrogen losses and nutrient availability. World's poultry science journal. 65: 401-418.
  22. Murugesan, G.R., Romero, L.F. and Persia, M.E., 2014. Effects of protease, phytase and a Bacillus sp. direct-fed microbial on nutrient and energy digestibility, ileal brush border digestive enzyme activity and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentration in broiler chickens. PloS one. 9: e101888.
  23. Olukosi, O., González-Ortiz, G., Whitfield, H. and Bedford, M., 2020. Comparative aspects of phytase and xylanase effects on performance, mineral digestibility, and ileal phytate degradation in broilers and turkeys. Poultry science. 99: 1528-1539.
  24. Walters, H., Coelho, M., Coufal, C. and Lee, J., 2019. Effects of increasing phytase inclusion levels on broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone mineralization in low-phosphorus diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 28: 1210-1225.
  25. Viveros, A., Brenes, A., Arija, I. and Centeno, C., 2002. Effects of microbial phytase supplementation on mineral utilization and serum enzyme activities in broiler chicks fed different levels of phosphorus. Poultry Science. 81: 1172-1183.
  26. Singh, A., Walk, C., Ghosh, T., Bedford, M. and Haldar, S., 2013. Effect of a novel microbial phytase on production performance and tibia mineral concentration in broiler chickens given low-calcium diets. British Poultry Science. 54: 206-215.
  27. Liu, N., Ru, Y., Cowieson, A., Li, F. and Cheng, X.C., 2008. Effects of phytate and phytase on the performance and immune function of broilers fed nutritionally marginal diets. Poultry Science. 87: 1105-1111.
فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آبان 1401
صفحه 163-170

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار