اثر تولید شیر روزانه و دمای هوا بر عملکرد تولید مثل گاوهای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه پژوهشی تنش های محیطی در علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.312511.2674

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر تولید شیر و درجه حرارت روزانه بر عملکرد تولیدمثل گاوهای هلشتاین، از رکوردهای روزآزمون گاوهای شکم اول هلشتاین و عملکرد تولیدمثلی آن‌ها در یک گله گاو شیری صنعتی بزرگ استان اصفهان استفاده شد. پارامترهای روزانه (حداکثر و حداقل دما، میزان رطوبت نسبی ومیزان بارندگی) استفاده گردید.گاوها بر اساس رکوردهای روزآزمون به چهار گروه تولید پایین، میانگین 21/68 کیلوگرم، متوسط رو به پایین، میانگین 26/54، متوسط رو به بالا، میانگین 29/91 و بالا با میانگین 34/89 تقسیم شدند. با توجه به میانگین درجه حرارت روزانه داده ها به چهار گروه، یک میانگین 4/30 درجه، دو میانگین 11/84، سه میانگین 20/06 و چهار بیانگین 27/42 تقسیم‌بندی شدند سازه‌های سال وماه تلقیح، مقدار شیر روزانه، سن هنگام تلقیح، اثر متقابل بین شیر و سن هنگام تلقیح و اثر متقابل بین دمای روزانه و سن هنگام تلقیح از لحاظ آماری بر تعداد تلقیح منجر به آبستنی اثر معنی‌دار داشت. بیش ترین تعداد تلقیح منجر به آبستنی مربوط به ماه های دی، بهمن و اسفند و کم ترین آن مربوط به ماه های فروردین و شهریور می باشد. بیش ترین تعداد تلقیح منجر به آبستنی بر اساس میانگین تولید شیر، مربوط به گاوهای کم تولید (میانگین 2/9 ) و کم ترین آن مربوط به گاوهای پرتولید (میانگین 2/1) بود. تعداد تلقیح منجر به آبستنی در نیمه اول سال، برای گاوهای پرتولیدی که سن اولین تلقیح شان کم تر از 30 ماه است، و برای روزهایی که متوسط دمای بالاتری دارند (میانگین حدود 27 درجه سانتی گراد در مقایسه با دماهای پایین تر) نتایج مطلوب تری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of daily milk yield and ambient temperature on reproduction performance in Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Bagher Montazer Torbati 1
  • Seyyed Homayoon Farhangfar 1
  • Abbas Shibak 2
1 Department of Research Group of Environmental Stress in Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2 Department of Animal science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of ambient temperature and daily milk yield on reproduction efficiency in Holstein cattle. Data was consisted test-day records of first-parity Holstein cows together with their reproduction performance belonged to a dairy cattle herd in Isfahan. Daily of meteorological data, maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were also used. Dairy cows were grouped according to the average of daily milk yield to four groups: low (average of 21.68 Kg), medium downward (average of 26.54), medium upward (average of 29.91) and high (average of 34.89). Data were grouped according to the daily average temperature to four groups: 4.30°c, 11.84°c, 20.06°c and 27.42°c; in average for the group 1 to 4 respectively. Results showed that insemination year and month, daily milk yield, age at insemination, interaction between milk yield and age at insemination and interaction between age at insemination and daily temperature, significantly affect the number of artificial insemination (AI) for successful pregnancy (p<0.0001). The months January, February and March had maximum number of AI and April and September had minimum of AI. Pregnancy rate for the cows with the age of first insemination under 30 months, with high daily milk production (average 34.89 kg) and under high daily temperature (27°c) is more desirable rather than others. Better reproductive performance of cows with high milk production, possibly related to considering of better conditions such as management, nutrition, healthy cares, housing and etc to this group of dairy cattle in the farms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ambiant temperature
  • Holstein cattle
  • Milk yield
  • Reproductive performance

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 2
مرداد 1402
صفحه 31-40

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