پهنه بندی پتانسیل سیل خیزی حوضه آبخیز بابلرود با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، پردیس دانشکده های فنی، دانشگاه تهران

10.22034/aej.2021.284263.2519

چکیده

سیل یکی از مخرب ترین رویدادهای طبیعی است که بیش از هر بلای طبیعی دیگری شرایط اجتماعی، اقتصادی و محیط زیستی را به مخاطره می اندازد. از آن جا که به علت وجود شرایط مناسب در مناطق مجاور رودخانه ها بیشتر فعالیت های اقتصادی در این مناطق صورت می گیرد و با توجه به نقش تخریب زیستگاه ها در از بین رفتن گونه های گیاهی و جانوری آن، ضروری است که تهیه نقشه های پهنه بندی خطر سیل مناطق مذکور در اولویت قرار گیرد. در این تحقیق، برای رسیدن به این هدف از نه فاکتور طبیعی و انسانی شامل: ارتفاع، فاصله از آبراهه، تراکم شبکه زهکشی، شیب، کاربری اراضی، شکل زمین، تراکم پوشش گیاهی، زمین شناسی و بارش استفاده شده است. هر یک از فاکتورها بنا به ماهیت شان در مدل پهنه بندی پتانسیل سیل خیزی عضویت دهی فازی شده و مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند. با تشکیل ماتریس های مقایسه زوجی، وزن نرمال و نهایی هر یک از فاکتورها به دست آمد. به کمک نرم افزار ArcGIS، هر لایه فازی در وزن نسبی خود ضرب شده و در آخر لایه های فازی وزن دار با استفاده از عملگر Gamma روی هم گذاری شدند و نقشه نهایی به دست آمد. نقشه نهایی پهنه بندی سیلاب حوضه آبخیز بابلرود نشان داد که در مجموع حدود 44 درصد از سطح حوضه در پهنه خطر متوسط تا خیلی زیاد قرار دارند. هم چنین بیش ترین خطر سیل در نواحی جنوب غربی حوضه که از ارتفاع و مقدار بارش زیادی برخوردارند، وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Flood hazard potential zonation of Babolrood watershed using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method (FAHP)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Karimi
  • Sajedeh Rostamzadeh
Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment, Technical Faculties Campus, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Flood is one of the most complex and destructive natural events that endangers social, economic and environmental conditions more than any other natural disaster. Due to the existence of suitable conditions in the areas adjacent to the rivers, most economic activities are carried out in these areas and due to the role of habitat destruction in the extinction of plant and animal species, it is necessary to study flooding and Preparation of flood zoning maps of the mentioned areas should be given priority. In this research, to achieve this goal, nine natural and human factors including: altitude, distance from waterway, drainage network density, slope, land use, land shape, vegetation density, geology and rainfall have been used. Each of the factors, by their nature, is fuzzy in the flood zoning potential zoning model and is used. By forming pairwise comparison matrices, the normal and final weight of each factor was obtained. Using ArcGIS software, each fuzzy layer was multiplied by its relative weight, and finally the weighted fuzzy layers were stacked using the Gamma operator, and the final map was obtained. The final flood zonation map of Babolrood watershed showed that in total about 44% of the basin area is in the moderate to very high risk zone. There is also the highest risk of floods in the southwestern parts of the basin, which have high altitudes and heavy rainfall.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flood
  • Analytic hierarchy process
  • Fuzzy
  • GIS
  • Babolrood

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 1
شماره بهار
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 459-470

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