Biological and Biochemical characterization of collagen from Scomberomorus commerson’s skin as a biomaterial for medical applications

Abstract

Introduction: Marine collagen, as a biomedical material, has been taken into consideration because of biodegradability, low immunogenicity, as well as being water soluble, safe, and easily-extractable. We extracted ASC (acid-soluble collagen) from Scomberomorus commerson fish skin found in Persian Gulf, Iran. Materials & Methods: Physical and chemical characterizations using various techniques including thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR), SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), and MTT assay of the ASC. Results: Results showed that the yield of collagen was 20.30%. SEM observation revealed that the structure of the ASC was fibrils with irregular dense sheet-like structures. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that Scomberomorus commerson ASC had α (α1and α2) and β chains, presumably belonging to type I collagen. The content of amino acids and proline in ASC was 18 per 1,000 residues and 90.7 per 810.3 residues, respectively. Also, 27.06% of the ASC was composed of glycine. FTIR analysis and the spectrum X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the Scomberomorus commerson skin collagen had a triple-helix structure with the collagen denaturation temperatures of 45 °C and 291.89 ºC. Cell activity and proliferation testing demonstrated that S. commerson collagen sample promotes cell growth and proliferation and its hydrophilicity leads to cell attachment. Conclusion: In conclusion, the Scomberomorus commerson fish skin can perform as an affordable collagen source for medical biomaterials and pharmaceutical applications.