Identification of nematode fauna of cereal plant parasites in Ilam province and determination of dominant parasite species

Abstract

Introduction: Due to the importance and damage of plant parasitic nematodes to agriculture and in order to identify the fauna of cereal plant parasitic nematodes in Ilam province during the cropping years 2018-2019 .
Materials & methods: 117 soil and root samples were collected from different cereal fields and plant parasitic nematodes were identified. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, the nematodes were extracted using sieving, centrifugation method, and their stabilization and transfer to glycerin was performed by metamorphic method. Then, from the fixed nematodes, permanent microscopic slides and necessary cross sections were prepared from different parts of the body of some worm-shaped nematodes. Their morphometric and morphological properties were examined using a light microscope equipped with a digital camera. Results: After recording the microscopic observations, using valid keys and comparison with the main description of the species was performed. In this study, 23 species of nematodes in 16 genus including; Aphelenchus avenae, Aphelenchoides limberti, Paratylenchus hamatus, Pratylenchoides persicus, Pratylenchus neglectus, P. thornei, Merlinius brevidens, M. microdorus, Scotylenchus rugosus, Heterodera avenae, H. filipjevi, Angunia tritici, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Helicotylenchus digonicus, Helicotylenchus vulgaris, Helicotylenchus exallus, Zygotylenchus guevarai, Boleodorus thylactus, Discotylenchus discretus , Filenchus vulgaris, Filenchus discrepans, Filenchus facultativus and Neopsilenchus magnidens, were identified from order, Rhabditida from the aerial organs, roots and soil around of cereals root of Ilam province. Among them, except Heterodera avenae, H. filipjevi and Angunia tritici, other species are reported for the first time from the cereals in this province. Conclusion: Four species including: Heterodera filipjevi, Pratylenchus neglectus, P. thornei and Helicotylenchus digonicus were determined as the dominant plant parasitic species from Ilam province.